Martensitic materials result from a specific type of phase transformation that produces the structure known as martensite. Martensitic transformations were first observed and described in steels although they occur also in may other materials. The martensite transformation begins at the martensite start temperature and ends at the martensite finish temperature and is influenced by carbon content. All steels containing martensite should be tempered. As heat treaters, we need to know that martensite in steel produces a hard, brittle microstructure that must be tempered to provide the delicate balance necessary between strength and toughness needed to produce a useful engineering material. When martensite is tempered, it partially decomposes into ferrite and cementite. Tempered martensite is not as hard as just-quenched martensite, but it is much tougher and is finer-grained as well.
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