Bio glass is known to develop an interfacial bond between the implant. When CaO-P2O5-SiO2 based glass/glass-ceramic is implanted in human body, first a silica-rich gel forms at the surface, due to the selective dissolution of elements which are lost from the surface, including silica. This silica depletion is followed by the migration of calcium and phosphate ions to the silicate gel surface, both from within the bioglass and the tissue fluids, to form a calcium-phosphate layer. The formation of biologically active hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer is followed by spontaneous bonding of living bone to the substrate. The formation of HCA layer is the key to formation of the bone on glass.
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