The coolant, as the name implies, is used to remove the heat produced in the core and from other parts of nuclear reactors where heat is produced. The choice of coolant for a given type of a reactor is governed by various factors such as nuclear properties, heat transfer and transport properties, physical properties, chemical properties, corrosion behavior, stability, induced radioactivity, and cost. In practice, the coolant is chosen as a compromise between the various requirements. The main nuclear properties are neutron absorption and scattering cross-sections.
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