Thursday, October 22, 2020

Vanadates

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Vanadate mineral, any of the many naturally occurring compounds of vanadium, oxygen, and various metals; most of these minerals are rare, having crystallized under very restricted conditions. Although vanadinite occasionally is mined as a vanadium ore and carnotite as a uranium ore, most vanadates have no economic importance; they are prized by mineral collectors, however, for their brilliant colours. The vanadates containing these tetrahedra are structurally and chemically similar to the phosphate and arsenate minerals; indeed, some vanadium in many of these vanadates often is replaced by phosphorus or arsenic, forming solid-solution series with both the phosphates and the arsenates.

For more: http://www.globalepisteme.org/Conference/material-science-conference

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Actuator Materials

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Actuators are mechanical or electro-mechanical devices that provide controlled and sometimes limited movements or positioning which are operated electrically, manually, or by various fluids such as air, hydraulic. Actuators are segregated by motion and power source. Linear actuators produce push/pull action. Rotary actuators produce rotational motion. In many cases, linear actuators begin with a rotary prime mover-a motor, typically whose rotation is converted to linear motion through a power screw or similar device.

For more: http://www.globalepisteme.org/Conference/material-science-conference

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Wednesday, October 21, 2020

Photorefractive Material

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Photorefractive material is the one that changes its refractive index under illumination. However, the scientific community has come to define the photorefractive process very specifically as the reversible and dynamic change of the index due to an electronic process. So, photorefractive materials should not be confused with photochromic even though the observable macroscopic effect is similar. The photorefractive effect is a multiple-step process that starts with the absorption of photons and the generation of electric charges inside the material. This aspect is similar to the photovoltaic process. Both electron and hole charges are created because there is conservation of the material electrical neutrality.

For more: http://www.globalepisteme.org/Conference/material-science-conference

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Photoresist

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Photoresist is a material that is continuously worked with. This light sensitive material has two types, positive and negative, that react very differently when exposed to UV light; therefore, it is essential to understand each reaction in order to produce the best results in the semiconductor manufacturing industry. There are two types of photoresist, positive and negative resist, which are used in different applications. In positive resist, the exposed areas are solubly, in negative resist the exposed areas are insolubly for wet chemical development.

For more: http://www.globalepisteme.org/Conference/material-science-conference

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