A #virus spreads from person-to-person can vary. Some viruses are highly contagious (spread easily), like measles, while other viruses do not spread as easily. Another factor is whether the spread is sustained, spreading continually without stopping.
Polymers have long been known as insulating materials and are often used to insulate cables and electrical devices. However, there are also a number of polymers that are electrically conductive. The electrical conductivity of these polymers is based on the presence of conjugated double bonds along the polymer backbone.
Metallic filaments are made by infusing PLA with very fine metal powders. These metal powders may vary by brand. Right now, metallic filaments are available that have brass, bronze, copper, or stainless steel powders. The ratio of PLA to the metal powder varies by the brand and product, but usually falls in the neighborhood of 80% metal to 20% plastic.
Fiber Metal Laminates are a new class of advanced aerospace materials. They consist of thin metallic sheets bonded together with fiber reinforced adhesive matrices. Their most outstanding characteristic is exceptional fatigue resistance, which stems from the crack bridging effect of the fibers in the prepreg layers.
The relative importance of each mechanism, among others, was found to substantially vary depending on the selection of whisker and composite parameters. Analysis of the effect of various parameters showed that whisker strength, pullout length, debones length, and volume fraction of whiskers is the most important parameters in whisker toughening.
Glass fiber also called fiberglass. It is material made from extremely fine fibers of glass Fiberglass is a lightweight, extremely strong, and robust material. Although strength properties are somewhat lower than carbon fiber and it is less stiff, the material is typically far less brittle, and the raw materials are much less expensive.
Reinforced Concrete is a concrete in which steel is embedded in such a manner that the two materials act together in resisting forces. The reinforcing steel—rods, bars, or meshes—absorbs the tensile, shear, and sometimes the compressive stresses in a concrete structure.
Glass fiber optics is made up of a bundle of very small glass fiber strands. A typical glass fiber optic assembly consists of a bundle of several hundred glass fibers protected by a sheathing material, usually a flexible armored cable. The cable terminates in an end tip that is partially filled with rigid clear epoxy. The sensing face is optically polished so that the end of each fiber is perfectly flat.
Non-graphitizing carbons are otherwise known as chars, hard carbons or more colloquially, charcoal. Glassy carbon is also an example of non-graphitizing carbon. Graphitic carbons’ unique attributes have attracted worldwide interest towards their development and application. Carbon pyrolysis is a widespread method for synthesizing carbon materials. However, our understanding of the factors that cause differences in graphitization of various pyrolyzed carbon precursors is inadequate. We demonstrate how electro-mechanical aspects of the synthesis process influence molecular alignment in a polymer precursor to enhance its graphitization.
The amorphous structures by the high degree of short range order and absence of long range order. From the energetic point of view, atoms in an amorphous crystal are not bonded ideally; they are subject to important stresses and distortions. The energy of an amorphous solid is thus higher than that of a pure crystal. There are two specific amorphous form of carbon: the diamond-like amorphous carbon and the graphite-like amorphous carbon. These two structures can be distinguished clearly by their macroscopic and microscopic properties. The former has higher density, is transparent and much harder than the latter. From the microscopic point of view, the ratio of fourfold, diamond like bonds to threefold, graphite-like bonds will determine the kind of structure we obtain.
Electronic packaging and semiconductor manufacturing are two major activities to produce microsystems including microelectronics, optoelectronics, microwave, biomedical devices, sensors, actuators, micro-scaled energy systems, etc. Electronic packaging interconnects chips and other components into a microsystem.
Liquid Crystal Elastomers are rubbery networks composed of long, cross-linked polymer chains that are also liquid crystalline - nematic, cholesteric or sematic. Their unique phenomena arise because the natural shape of such chains follows the LC order. They typically elongate in the presence of nematic order, and reversibly contract when the order is lost.
